Anahtar Kelimeler
Isıl İşlem Uygulaması
Su Aktivitesi
Aktif Paketleme
Akıllı Ambalaj
Nasıl Atıf Yapılır
Özet
Besinlerin bozulmadan uzun süre muhafaza edilmek üzere yapılan besin saklama uygulamaları tarih öncesi çağlara kadar uzanmaktadır. İyi muhafaza edilen besinlerin birçok yararı bulunmaktadır. Besinlerin saklanmasında kullanılan yöntemlerden bazıları, soğukta veya dondurarak muhafaza, ısıl işlem uygulamaları, kurutma, kimyasal koruyucu ilavesi, ışınlama, kontrollü ve modifiye atmosferdir. Bilinen ve en çok kullanılan yöntemler ise, ısıl işlem uygulamaları ve su aktivitesinin kontrolü ile besin saklama yöntemleridir. Klasik ısıl işlem yöntemlerinde yüksek sıcaklık derecelerinin kullanılması, besin değerini düşürdüğünden, geleneksel yöntemlerle işlem görmüş besinlerin daha az tercih edilmesine sebep olmuştur. Bu nedenlerle gıda üreticileri son yıllarda besin güvenliği ve kalitesini uzun süre korumayı hedefleyen, besinlerin raf ömrünü uzatan yeni saklama yöntemi arayışına girmiştir. Genellikle oda sıcaklığında ve yüksek sıcaklık derecelerine çıkılmadan uygulanan yeni teknikler, bu amaca hizmet etmektedir. Yeni teknolojilerle besin saklama yöntemlerinden bazıları, yüksek basınç, ultrases, ultraviyole, mikrodalga, yenilebilir film kaplama, aktif paketleme ve akıllı ambalaj gibi yöntemleridir. Günümüzde yeni saklama yöntemleri besin saklama teknolojisinde önemli bir rol oynamaktadır.
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